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- $Unique_ID{BRK03480}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Apert Syndrome}
- $Subject{Apert Syndrome Acrocephalosyndactyly Type I Syndactylic Oxycephaly}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1988, 1990, 1992 National Organization for Rare
- Disorders, Inc.
-
- 254:
- Apert Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Apert Syndrome) is not the
- name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the alternate
- names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Acrocephalosyndactyly, Type I
- Syndactylic Oxycephaly
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Apert syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized
- by fused or webbed fingers and toes (syndactyly), a pointed head (acrocephaly
- or oxycephaly), other skeletal and facial abnormalities, and mental
- retardation.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Symptoms of Apert syndrome are present at birth. The infant has a
- wedge-shaped or pointed head (acrocephaly of brachysphenocephalic type) and
- the middle part of the face appears flattened especially the bridge of the
- nose. The eyes are set wide apart (hypertelorism) and may squint or protrude
- (exophthalmos). The eye cavity (orbit) has a decreased depth, and cataracts
- occur. The palate is unusually high and pointed (gothic palata). The fingers
- and toes are fused or webbed, and a single nail common to the second to fourth
- fingers can occur. The joints at the wrist can be grown together (radioulnar
- synostosis) limiting movement. Vertebral deformities and mental retardation
- also occur in children with this syndrome.
-
- Causes
-
- Apert syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder. (Human traits
- including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the interaction of
- two genes for that condition, one received from the father and one from the
- mother. In dominant disorders, a single copy of the disease gene (received
- from either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the normal
- gene and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting
- the disorder from affected parent to offspring is 50% for each pregnancy
- regardless of the sex of the resulting child.)
-
- In some cases, a new mutant gene causes the syndrome when no other family
- members can be identified with this disorder. In general, above average
- parental age predisposes to this birth defect.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Apert syndrome affects both sexes equally. Onset occurs before birth.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Down's syndrome is a genetic condition associated with mild to moderate
- mental retardation. One additional chromosome is present in each cell, which
- prevents the normal development of parts of the body (including facial
- peculiarities) and brain. (For more information on Down's syndrome, choose
- "Down" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- The webbing and fusion of the fingers and toes in Apert syndrome may be
- corrected surgically. Vertebral deformities may be corrected by orthopedic
- procedures. Special education services are required in school. Other
- medical treatments are symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Researchers at Johns Hopkins Hospital are trying to determine the gene
- responsible for craniofacial disorders. Physicians may contact Drs. Amy
- Feldman Lewanda or Ethylin Wang Jabs at: CMSC 10, Johns Hopkins Hospital,
- Baltimore, MD, 21205, (301) 955-0484.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- April 1992. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Apert Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Apert Syndrome Support Group
- 8708 Kathy Court
- Saint Louis, MO 63126
- (314) 965-3356
-
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHHD)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5133
-
- For more information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- SMITH'S RECOGNIZABLE PATTERNS OF HUMAN MALFORMATION, 4th ed., Kenneth L.
- Jones, M.D., W.B. Saunders, Co. 1988. Pp. 372-3.
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 8th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. P. 10.
-
-